This blog post describes how electronic passports work, the threats within their threat model, and how they protect against those threats using cryptography. It also discusses the implications of using electronic passports for novel applications, such as zero-knowledge identity proofs.

Trail of Bits is disclosing vulnerabilities in confidential computing systems that use LUKS2 for disk encryption. These vulnerabilities allow attackers with access to storage disks to extract confidential data and modify contents.

We bypassed human approval protections for system command execution in AI agents, achieving RCE in three agent platforms.

We created a CodeQL query that reduced 2,500+ compiler warnings about implicit conversions in OpenVPN2 to just 20 high-priority cases, demonstrating how to effectively identify potentially dangerous type conversions in C code.

Supply chain attacks exploit fundamental trust assumptions in modern software development, from typosquatting to compromised build pipelines, while new defensive tools are emerging to make these trust relationships explicit and verifiable.

Mutation testing reveals blind spots in test suites by systematically introducing bugs and checking if tests catch them. Blockchain developers should use mutation testing to measure the effectiveness of their test suites and find bugs that traditional testing can miss.

We’ve added a pickle file scanner to Fickling that uses an allowlist approach to protect AI/ML environments from malicious pickle files that could compromise models or infrastructure.

Sui’s Move language significantly improves flash loan security by replacing Solidity’s reliance on callbacks and runtime checks with a “hot potato” model that enforces repayment at the language level. This shift makes flash loan security a language guarantee rather than a developer responsibility.

By using smart contract programmability, exchanges can build custody solutions that remain secure even when multisig keys are compromised.

A vulnerability in Electron applications allows attackers to bypass code integrity checks by tampering with V8 heap snapshot files, enabling local backdoors in applications like Signal, 1Password, and Slack.

Our business operations intern at Trail of Bits built two AI-powered tools that became permanent company resources—a podcast workflow that saves 1,250 hours annually and a Slack exporter that enables efficient knowledge retrieval across the organization.

EIP-7730 enables hardware wallets to decode transactions into human-readable formats, eliminating blind signing vulnerabilities with minimal implementation effort for dApp developers.

We optimized the route for visiting every NYC subway station using algorithms from combinatorial optimization, creating a 20-hour tour that beats the existing world record by 45 minutes.

In this blog post, we’ll detail how attackers can exploit image scaling on Gemini CLI, Vertex AI Studio, Gemini’s web and API interfaces, Google Assistant, Genspark, and other production AI systems. We’ll also explain how to mitigate and defend against these attacks, and we’ll introduce Anamorpher, our open-source tool that lets you explore and generate these crafted images.

This post traces the decade-long evolution of Ruby Marshal deserialization exploits, demonstrating how security researchers have repeatedly bypassed patches and why fundamental changes to the Ruby ecosystem are needed rather than continued patch-and-hope approaches.

Our team won the runner-up prize of $3M at DARPA’s AI Cyber Challenge, demonstrating Buttercup’s world-class automated vulnerability discovery and patching capabilities with remarkable cost efficiency.

Now that DARPA’s AI Cyber Challenge (AIxCC) has officially ended, we can finally make Buttercup, our CRS (Cyber Reasoning System), open source!

While the AIxCC winner has not yet been announced, differences in the finalists’ approaches show that there are multiple viable paths forward to using AI for vulnerability detection.

Prompt injection pervades discussions about security for LLMs and AI agents. But there is little public information on how to write powerful, discreet, and reliable prompt injection exploits. In this post, we will design and implement a prompt injection exploit targeting GitHub’s Copilot Agent, with a focus on maximizing reliability and minimizing the odds of detection.

In my first month at Trail of Bits as an AI/ML security engineer, I found two remotely accessible memory corruption bugs in NVIDIA’s Triton Inference Server during a routine onboarding practice.

Trail of Bits founder Dan Guido establishes a $2,500 scholarship at his alma mater, Mineola High School, to recognize students who demonstrate the hacker spirit through self-driven learning, creative problem-solving, and unconventional technological exploration. The scholarship celebrates tomorrow’s security innovators who push boundaries and think differently about technology.

We’re releasing pajaMAS: a curated set of MAS hijacking demos that illustrate important principles of MAS security.

Today we’re announcing the beta release of mcp-context-protector, a security wrapper for LLM apps using the Model Context Protocol (MCP). It defends against the line jumping attacks documented earlier in this blog series, such as prompt injection via tool descriptions and ANSI terminal escape codes.

We successfully exploited two discontinued network devices at DistrictCon’s inaugural Junkyard competition in February, winning runner-up for Most Innovative Exploitation Technique. Our exploit chains demonstrate why end-of-life hardware poses persistent security risks.

At EthCC[8], Trail of Bits blockchain security engineer Nicolas Donboly laid out a clear, actionable path for aspiring smart contract auditors, drawing from his own experience transitioning from a non-technical background into a leading security role.